Unit 3:3 Ions - Take Home Quiz

Agnes Szakacs

03/27/15

Unit 3:3 Ions - Take Home Quiz Questions

1. What is an ion?  
1. An Ion is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to gain or loss of one or more electrons.
2. What is a cation and and anion?
1. A cation is a positively charged ion, that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis. While an anion is negatively charger.
3. Which elements typically form anions?
1. Chlorine, nitrogen, and sulfur are some examples of an anion.
4. Which elements typically form cations?
1. Non-metal elements such as hydrogen is an example of a cation.
5. When an atom of Potassium ionizes, what charge will it become?
1. Potassium +1
6. Name at least two other elements whose atoms share the same charge when they ionize.
1. Hydrogen and Oxygen share making them make water
7. Which family of elements gets a -1 charge when they ionize?
1. Halogens
8. Write the Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Chlorine, Oxygen, and Sulfur ions.
1. Calcium +2, Magnesium +2, Sodium +1, Chlorine -1, Oxygen -2, Sulfur -2
9. Name two ions that would combine in a 1:1 ratio.
1. NaCl known as sodium chlorine
10. Name two ions that would combine in a 2:1 ratio.
1. BaCl2 known as barium chlorine
11. Which family of elements gets a +1 charge when they ionize?
1. Alkali Metals
12. Which family of elements gets a +2 charge when they ionize?
1. Alkaline Earth elements

Topic 4:1 Ionic Compounds

03/26/15

Topic 4:2 Covalent Compounds

03/26/15

Unit 2:4 Scientific Notation and Significant Figures

03/26/15

Class Lab: Hydrophilic to Hydrophobic

03/25/15

What is the difference between hydrophobic, and hydrophilic? Hydrophilic is a concept where an item likes water. Meaning it will allow water to dissolve itself. Hydrophobic is a concept where the item doesn't like water. It repeals it off. Today our teacher announcement that we will be making sand turn into hydrophobic. Sand is not hydrophobic, it sinks in the water. By making sand hydrophobic, we would be making sand float on today of water.
First we started by getting the equipment we need.
Materials                      Ingredients
Glass Tray                    Reptile Sand
Glass Stir Rod              Water
1 glove                         Silicone Spray

Then we got reptile sand and put them in the glass tray. We sprayed it 6 times, while mixing it together each time we put a new layer of spray on it. Then we let it dry in the sun a few seconds. We then added water into the sand, and to our sight the sand was floating! Kind of. Some of the sand was not floating because there wasn't enough silicone spray. But the other half of the sand was floating. On the picture you see on the right is that when I tilted the tray to an angle, the water and sand made it seem like it has wrinkles. It was fun to play around with it.

This activity went really well, no one was struggling in this experiment. Everyone asked questions if something wasn't clear. What I learned in this experiment was see how sharing bonds work in action. Just by mixing these ingredients together I could see a visual on what the teacher was talking about, and I had a clearer view on what shared bonds mean.

Here is a video on when we poured water to the sand. The water had an interesting effect to the sand when they touched.

Unit 2:1 Dimensional Analysis - Take Home Quiz

Agnes Szakacs

03/25/15

Unit 2:1  Dimensional Analysis - Take Home Quiz Questions

1. If I am 75 inches tall, what is that in feet?
1. 6.25ft tall
2. In one month, Farmer John gathered 150 eggs from his hens.  How many dozens of eggs is that?
1. 12.5 dozen eggs
3. If I eat 1 dozen eggs a week for breakfast, then how many eggs do I eat in 1 year?
1. 624 eggs
4. On average, a person blinks 15 times per minute, how many times does a person blink during 15 waking hours?
1. 28,800 times
5. How many seconds are in 2 years?
1. 6.307e+7 seconds
6. If a family is driving to the Grand Canyon at 50km/hr, how many meters do they travel in 1 minute?  (there are 1000 meters in one kilometer)
1. 833.3 m/min
7. If a person drinks two coffees a day, and there is 50mg of caffeine in each coffee, then how many kilograms of caffeine does that person consume in 1 year?  (there are 1000mg in 1g, and 1000g in 1Kg)
1. 0.0365 kg/year
8. The specific heat of water is 1 Calorie per gram * degree Celcius (1cal/g*C).  How many Calories will it take to raise 500 grams of water 25 degrees Celsius?
1. 12,500 cal
9. The fastest recorded human running speed is 27.44 mph.  At this speed, how many minutes would it take to run to the trolley station, 1.5mi away, from here?
1. 0.686 mil/min
10. In one school year there are 180 days.  If students spend 5.5 hours in a seat per day, how many hours does a student spend sitting in school until they graduate.  (12 years)
1. 11,880 hours

Putting out candles with Carbon Dioxide

03/23/15

My lab partner and I today did an experiment on carbon dioxide and how it works. We are using candles to put out with the carbon dioxide. We will be using baking soda, vinegar, matches, a beaker, and candles. There were a few problems before. The gas wasn't "blowing" out the candles correctly.

What we did was get the beaker and put in 2 1/2 teaspoons of baking soda, and 1/2 a cup of vinegar. Then we got the candle lit up, after a few more attempts, and poured a little bit of the mixed ingredients onto the candle. The flame made a big noise, sparkled a bit and then lit out slowly.

What I learned in this experiment is that even if you can't see action happening it's still happening. I also learned to be patient, because nothing was happening when we tried to put the candles out. We had to keep mixing baking soda and vinegar every time we couldn't get to right. But in the end we figured everything out.

The picture you see on the right is the carbon dioxide. It was gas, but it looked like a liquid. It looked like melted frosting.

Unit 3:3 Ions Worksheet

Section 3 Begins - Unit 2:5 Error - Take Home Quiz

Agnes Szakacs

03/18/15

Period 2/3

Unit 2:5  Error and %Error - Take Home Quiz Questions

Be sure to include calculations.

1. A tree is 15.5 feet tall.  If I measure it to 16 feet, what is my error?  What is my percent error?
1. 0.5ft more 0.5%
2. A scientist pours 1.2L of water into a beaker that reads it as 1.1L.  What is the beaker's error and %error?
1. 0.1L more 0.1%
3. An architect estimated that the classroom is 400 square feet.  According to the blueprints, it is 412 square feet.  What was her Error and %Error.
1. 12 square feet more 12%
4. In theory, a reaction should produce 25g of water.  When performed, the reaction produced 22.5g of water.  What is the Error and %Error?
1. 2.5g short 2.5%
5. Stepping outside in the morning, an old man guessed that it was 70 degrees outside.  When looking at a thermometer, it was 63 degrees.  What was his Error and %Error?
1. 7 degrees short 7%
6. A daredevil thought he flew 105m through the air when shot out of a cannon.  He really flew 113m.  What was the daredevil's Error and %Error?
1. 8m more 8%
7. A standard gram is put on a scale and it reads 1.16g.  What is the scale's Error and %Error.
1. 0.6g more, 6%

Class Lab: Rocket Engine

03/10/15

Yesterday we talked about the Periodic Table and how RXNs occur. We learned how to tell what electrons each element wants to take or give away by looking at the number of the columns. Also how many shells there are and how many electrons they hold.

We made rocket engines, and we will set them off some time this week. What we, my table partners, did to create them was get tape, sorbitol, potassium nitrate, one small pipe, concrete, a beckon, and sandpaper. First we sticked on two pieces of tape on the bottom of the pipe. Then we had to mix sorbitol and potassium nitrate together, after that we heated and them up and stir until it became a liquid, we made sure it wouldn't turn brown because otherwise it would catch on fire.


After that was done, we quickly poured the liquid into the pipe. It was difficult to get it in, since it was drying up fast. We didn't fill it to the top, we left some space about 1 cm. When the sorbitol and potassium nitrate dried up we removed the tape from the bottom. Then we got cement mixed with water and covered up the rest of the pipe. We left the pipes to dry. It was delated today because the cement didn't dry completely.








03/12/15

Today we are going to launch our engines today. Andrew drilled the cement and put a fuze in the hole, then he put a cap on the bottom of the pipe.
We then went outside to launch the engine. It was a great success. If it makes a certain sound, like a loud pop or hiss, then that means it worked well.

During this experiment, I learned how to be patient. I had to wait two extra days for the fuel to dry, and for the teacher to come back one day after. Patience is key to success.

Article - Ancient Chilean Mummies Changing

Source:
http://www.livescience.com/50090-chinchorro-mummies-chile.html

In this article I read about ancient Chilean mummies and they are turning into black ooze due to climate change. The moisture is increasing in Chile for the past 10 years, and by this the mummies are disintegrating. This is sad to know, because if the climate will continue to change then ancient objects will disappear that have been on earth for over thousands of years.

Here is a mummy who's body is beginning to disintegrate, you can tell be chest thats becoming black. 

Lab: Sourdough Finishing off

03/09/15

On Saturday, I baked the sourdough bread finally. It wasn't as a great success as the first bread. It turned out to be really hard. I just hope who ever eats it will be careful with their teeth. I followed the recipe exactly as it was written. I covered it with a blanket for an hour and done everything to make it cook. I think the problem with the bread was that it was too dry when I got the ingredients mixed together. I had to add more of the sourdough that was recommend. 

Overall in this Bread Lab, I learned on how and why bread rises. It's so strange to think that yeast is a living thing that helps us make our bread.

Lab: Sourdough Day 4

03/05/15

Yesterday the dough had been having a lot of bubbles coming out of it. The dough was very slippery when I had to mix it. While I was mixing bubbles kept popping. Today will be the last time it will stay for 24 hours, then I will be able to create sourdough bread.

Lab: Sourdough Day 3

03/04/15

One thing I can say about what I dislike about it. I hate the smell. Something I do like about the dough is that it has good active going on. The yeast are feasting, making the dough sour every time it has new flour added and is untouched. Which will allow us to have sourdough in no time.

Lab: Sourdough Day 2

03/03/15

On Tuesday, there was some active in the bowl when I uncovered it. It smelled unpleasant to my nose. I have to remove 4 ounces of the sourdough and add 4 ounces of flour and water for 5 days. I wonder what it will taste like when it will be done.



Removing 4 ounces of the mixture --->

<----  Adding 4 ounces of flour and water

               Mixing the ingredients together ---->
   

Lab: How and why does Bread rise? Part 2 - Sourdough Day 1

03/02/15

Today I also started making sourdough. It will take a couple of days to finish the process.
What I did was combine 4 ounces of flour, with 1/2 cup of cool water, mixing them together. I then covered the bowl up and I will let it sit for 24 hours.

Lab: How and why does Bread rise? Part 1

03/02/15

Today I started making bread. The question I'm asking and answering is, How/why does bread rise?

Ingredients
1/2 pound of white flour
1/2 pound of wheat flour
1 cup of warm water
1/2 cup of milk
1 tablespoon of sugar
1 tablespoon of salt
1/4 ounce bag of yeast

I mixed these ingredients together and let it sit for 1 hour and 30 minutes. It grew twice as much as it was before due to the yeast reaction. After the time is up, I had to heat up the oven to 445 F. Then in 30 minutes I had to bake the bread covered, and 10 minutes uncovered.

What is yeast?

The yeast is actually a living. It's a fungus, which makes it similar to mushrooms and mold. The chemical composition yeast has is: Water 73% - 75%, Protein 13%,   Minor amounts of minerals (Potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus), fat, carbohydrate, vitamins (B, E) and enzymes.

What happens to the yeast?

In 1859, Louis Pasteur, the father of modern microbiology, discovered how yeast works. If the yeast comes in contact with warm water, it comes to life. When it's exposed to sugar, which is in the bread and in flour, it begins to eat, and digests the portions of the sugar. The yeast eats in only a short period of time, and eventually will die within a few hours. Especially when the dough is allowed to cool off or exposed to too much air.